Full Text of Viduy

אלוהינו ואלוהי אבותינו, (אנא) תבוא לפניך תפלתנו, ואל תתעלם מתחנתנו. שאין אנחנו עזי פנים וקשי עורף לומר לפניך ה’ אלוהינו ואלוהי אבותינו צדיקים אנחנו ולא חטאנו. אבל אנחנו ואבותינו חטאנו:
Our Lord and the Lord of our fathers, may our prayers come before You and do not ignore our supplication. We are not so brazen and stiff-necked to declare before You, G-d our L-rd and the Lord of our fathers, that we are righteous and have not transgressed; rather, we and our fathers have transgressed.
Full Text of Viduy:
אשמנו: We caused ourselves to become guilty, We knew or should have known these things were wrong while we were doing them
בגדנו: We were ingrates and traitors – the exact opposite of recognizing and appreciating all of the good in our lives. We betrayed G-d and man. We broke trust and commitments, even willfully
גזלנו: We didn’t respect the ownership of others, and took things we didn’t deserve. We also “robbed” from G-d by wasting our potential
דברנו דופי: We slandered, devalued and misused speech. 1/3 of viduy is for negative speech
העוינו: We perverted and ruined the integrity in others
והרשענו: We caused evil in ourselves and in others
זדנו: We willfully/deliberately transgressed due to arrogance and disregard
חמסנו: We extorted by acquiring, or even borrowing, things from others through coercion. We coveted and desired things that were out of our realm
טפלנו שקר: We made ourselves subservient (tafeil) to falsehood (sheker). We lied and created falsehood. We also associated with bad influences
יעצנו רע: We misled and manipulated people, advising them for our own ends, not theirs
כזבנו: We lied, were deceitful, and unreliable. We broke commitments, letting G-d and others down. The exact opposite of my word is my bond
לצנו: We scoffed, ridiculed, and treated serious matters lightly. We also made fun of others
מרדנו: We rebelled against G-d and Torah. We boasted – “Kochi v’otzem yadi – The power of my hand [caused my success]!” This is the exact opposite of subservience to G-d’s sovereignty. We also rebelled against our parents and teachers, or ignored their guidance
נאצנו: We distanced ourselves from G-d, with the attitude of – Let me do what I was
סררנו: We turned away from G-d and truth, and towards evil. We distanced ourselves, and turned away from family and friends עוינו We deliberately chose to follow our desires
פשענו: We were irresponsibly (“criminally”) negligent. We knew that A would lead to B and chose A regardless. This is not the typical meaning of pesha which is rebelliousness
צררנו: We caused pain and anguish to people. We did not help and even mistreated the poor. Our evil also “cornered” G-d and “compelled” Him to punish us
קשינו ערף: We were stiff-necked and even ignored our basic obligations. We knew that we were transgressing but still refused to stop or to do teshuva
רשענו: We did premeditated evil, usually towards other people, such as taking revenge
שחתנו: We were self-destructive. We destroyed and wasted positive character traits as well as wasting time from learning Torah
תעבנו: We lowered ourselves to commit perversions and disgusting acts, with a complete lack of self-respect
תעינו: We allowed ourselves to slip and to be pushed off track. We let down our guard and were negligent
תעתענו: We caused G-d to lead us in a negative direction, such as
.a. Asking for a test that we were unlikely to pass
.b. Davening for success in something that was not good for us
סרנו ממצותיך וממשפטיך הטובים ולא שוה לנו (חרטה). ואתה צדיק על כל הבא עלינו, כי אמת עשית ואנחנו הרשענו. מה נאמר לפניך יושב מרום. ומה נספר לפניך שוכן שחקים. הלא כל הנסתרות והנגלות אתה יודע. אתה יודע רזי עולם. ותעלומות סתרי כל חי. אתה חופש כל חדרי בטן ובוחן כליות ולב. אין דבר נעלם ממך, ואין נסתר מנגד עיניך. ובכן יהי רצון מלפניך ה’ אלוהינו ואלוהי אבותינו שתכפר לנו על כל חטאתינו, ותסלח לנו על כל עונותינו, ותמחל לנו על כל פשעינו.
We have turned away from Your mitzvot and good statutes and it wasn’t worthwhile for us (regret – chariata). You are righteous in all that has come upon us because You have acted with truth, and we have been evil/immoral (resha’im). What can we say before You Who sits on high, and what can we tell before You Who dwells in the heavens? Behold, all that is hidden and revealed – You know. You know the concealed secrets and the hidden secrets of all life. You search every chamber of the stomach and examine the kidneys and the heart. Nothing is hidden from You, and nothing is concealed from Your eyes. And so, may it be Your will, G-d our L-rd and the Lord of our fathers, to grant us a spiritual cleansing (kaparah) for all our negligent transgressions (chata’im), to forgive us for all our willful transgressions (avonot), and to excuse us for all our rebellious transgressions – pesha. On the [following] transgression(s) that we transgressed before You
1. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך באנס וברצון: Complete accident (G-d didn’t protect us from) and willful
2. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך באימוץ הלב: Hardheartedness – inflexibility, stubbornness, and rigidity
3. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בבלי דעת: Not using our minds – for Torah or to understand messages
4. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בבטוי שפתים: Verbal expression – kvetching and complaining about life, insulting others, misusing vows and oaths, and speaking nonsense
5. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בגלוי ובסתר: Openly – chilul Hashem (desecrating G- d’s Name), and Secretly – ignoring G-d
6. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בגלוי עריות: Illicit relations – plus anything that arouses our desires for them, particularly seeing and thinking
7. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בדבור פה: Misuse of our speech
8. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בדעת ובמרמה: With full awareness when we did these things, plus where we allowed ourselves to be “fooled” by our yeitzer hara that they were okay to do
9. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בהרהור הלב: Misuse of our thoughts – heresy, arrogance, and unclean; or even thinking about Torah in the wrong place or situation
10. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בהונאת רע: Causing oppression, anguish or injustice to a fellow-Jew
11. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בודוי פה: Empty lip-service – insincere viduy
12. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בועידת זנות: Participating in a mixed-gender gathering
13. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בזדון ובשגגה: Fully willful, and as a result of negligence
14. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בזלזול הורים ומורים: Disparagement of our teachers and parents
15. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בחזק יד: Using power and influence to manipulate and control others
16. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בחלול השם:Denigrating G-d or Torah, or causing others to look down upon them, for example – Being a bad role-model or doing mitzvot with resentment towards G-d
17. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בטפשות פה: Speaking nonsense or lashon hara from boredom
18. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בטמאת שפתים: Impurity of the lips
19. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך ביצר הרע: Deliberately stimulating one’s desire to transgress, like looking at improper pictures or reading unclean literature
20. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך ביודעים ובלא יודעים: With awareness and even without awareness that we transgressed, to what degree we transgressed, or how much damage we caused when we transgressed
ועל כולם אלוה סליחות – סלח לנו, מחל לנו, כפר לנו
And for all of these, G-d of forgiveness, forgive us, excuse us, and grant a kaparah to us
21. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בכפת שחד:Compulsion through a bribe a. Compelling others by bribing them, or b. Compelling ourselves to be biased by accepting a bribe from others
22. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בכחש ובכזב: Falsely denying that something happened and falsely promising or breaking one’s promise to do something
23. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בלשון הרע: Negative or derogatory speech about another
24. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בלצון: Scoffing and mocking people or important matters
25. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך במשא ובמתן: Business issues – Robbery, Theft, Charging Interest, Withholding Wages or other payments, False Weights and Measures, Overcharging, etc
26. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך במאכל ובמשתה: Food and Drink – i.e., Forbidden food, Overeating, Eating without proper brachot (blessings), Eating before one makes kiddush or davens, etc
27. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בנשך ובמרבית: Ribis – taking or giving interest on a loan, or even doing favors for the sake of a loan
28. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בנטית גרון: Outstretched throat – haughtiness in dress or behavior
29. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בשקור עין: Gazing of the eyes – winking or staring provocatively
30. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בשיח שפתותינו: Lip service: Tefillah (prayer), Brachot (blessings), and learning Torah without kavana – proper concentration or intention
31. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בעינים רמות: Lofty eyes – looking down on others
32. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בעזות מצח: Brazenness – no shame or inhibitions in front of others
ועל כולם אלוה סליחות, סלח לנו, מחל לנו, כפר לנו
And for all of these, G-d of forgiveness, forgive us, excuse us, and grant a kaparah to us
33. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בפריקת עול: Rebellion – rejecting any of one’s obligations
34. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בפלילות: Judging improperly – in court, or not giving benefit of the doubt
35. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בצדית רע: Stalking a fellow-Jew, even if no physical harm was done
36. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בצרות עין: Small mindedness – Looking negatively at another’s
success or possessions, Wishing someone ill because of envy, stinginess, or an ayin hara (evil eye). Also not dealing with others in a friendly manner
37. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בקלות ראש: Lightheadedness and excessive silliness
38. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בקשיות ערף: Being stiff-necked and stubborn – ignoring messages
39. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בריצת רגלים להרע: The running itself to do the wrong thing
40. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך ברכילות: Talebearing – Telling A that B hurt him with speech or action
41. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בשבועת שוא: Pointless oath – To affirm or deny the obvious, not to do a mitzvah, or to commit to doing something impossible
42. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בשנאת חינם: Pointless hatred
43. על חטא שחטאנו לפניך בתשומת יד: Placement [of money] in the hand – i.e., Monetary abuse
44. ועל חטא שחטאנו לפניך בתמהון לבב: Wondering about, and questioning, the justice of G-d’s involvement in our lives
ועל כולם אלוה סליחות – סלח לנו, מחל לנו, כפר לנו
And for all of these, G-d of forgiveness, forgive us, excuse us, and grant a kaparah to us
And for all the transgressions that we are obligated the following offerings or penalties
1. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם עולה: Olah – Non-fulfillment of any positive commandment (mitzvahs asei) as well as certain negative thoughts
2. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם חטאת:Chatas – Negligent violation of 43 lavim (prohibitions) that are chayav koreis – i.e., liable to being cut off
3. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם קרבן עולה ויורד: Olah v’Yoreid – Fluctuating offering for 6 lavim, including false oaths, even negligent, concerning having witnessed something, or one’s actions
4. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם אשם ודאי ותלוי: Asham Vadai – Willful violation of 5 lavim including lying about certain monetary issues under oath. Asham Talui – Where one may have negligently violated the 43 lavim that are chayav koreis – liable to being cut off
5. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם מכת מרדות:Rabbinical or Rebellious Lashes given, for example, for the non-fulfillment of a mitzvah, or for the violation of a Rabbinical Law
6. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם מלקות ארבעים: Lashes – Given for the deliberate violation of any of 207 specific lavim if warned beforehand – i.e., shaving with a razor, non-kosher food, shatnez
7. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם מיתה בידי שמים: Death at the hands of Heaven – for violation of a Rabbinical Law, issuing a ruling in Jewish law in front of one’s teacher, spilling one’s seed, etc
8. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם כרת וערירי: Being cut off in either this world or the next
9. ועל חטאים שאנו חיבים עליהם ארבע מיתות בית דין: Capital punishment if warned beforehand
סקילה: Stoning – i.e., for desecrating Shabbos
שרפה: Burning – i.e., for certain illicit relations
הרג: Beheading by the Sword – i.e., for murder
וחנק: Strangulation – i.e., for adultery
על מצות עשה: Non-fulfillment of any mitzvahs asei – positive commandment
ועל מצות לא תעשה: Violation of any prohibition
בין שיש בה קום עשה: Whether this aveira can be corrected through fulfillment of a mitzvah asei
ובין שאין בה קום עשה: Or whether it cannot be corrected, as with most prohibitions
את הגלוים לנו:The [transgressions] that are revealed to us
ואת שאינם גלוים לנו: And those [transgressions] that are not revealed to us
את הגלוים לנו – כבר אמרנום לפניך והודינו לך עליהם, ואת שאינם גלוים לנו – לפניך הם גלוים וידועים, כדבר שנאמר – הנסתרות לה’ אלוקינו והנגלות לנו ולבנינו עד עולם לעשות את כל דברי התורה הזאת. כי אתה סלחן לישראל ומחלן לשבטי ישרון בכל דור ודור, ומבלעדיך אין לנו מלך מוחל וסולח אלא אתה: אלוהי, עד שלא נוצרתי איני כדאי, ועכשו שנוצרתי כאילו לא נוצרתי. עפר אני בחיי, קל וחומר במיתתי. הרי אני לפניך ככלי מלא בושה וכלמה.
יהי רצון מלפניך ה’ אלוהי ואלוהי אבותי שלא אחטא עוד (קבלה להבא), ומה שחטאתי לפניך, מחוק ברחמיך הרבים, אבל לא על ידי יסורים וחליים רעים.
Those [transgressions] that are revealed to us, we have already said them before You and acknowledged them to You. And those [transgressions] that are not revealed to us, before You/they are revealed and known, as it says – “The hidden are for G-d our L-rd, and the revealed are for us and our children forever, to do all the words of this Torah.” For You are the Forgiver of Israel, and the One that excuses the tribes of Yeshurun (Israel) in every single generation, and we have no King that excuses and forgives besides You. My G-d, before I was created, I was not worthwhile, and now that I have been created, it is as if I have not been created. I am like dust while alive, all the more so in death. Behold, I am before You like a vessel filled with shame and embarrassment
May it be Your will, G-d my L-rd and the L-rd of my fathers that I never transgress again (resolution for the future), and what I have already transgressed before You, erase with Your great mercy, just not through great difficulties and terrible diseases

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